2024-05-05T07:05:24Z
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/oai_pmh/oai
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1479Privilege of the Prince-Bishop of WürzburgPrivilege granted by Rudolf of Scherenberg, Prince-Bishop of Würzburg for the Printers Reyser, Dold and Beckenhub in a Breviary for the Würzburg DioceseBreviarium HerbipolenseRudolf of Scherenberg (c.1401-1495)In the foreword, Prince-Bishop Rudolf (c.1400-1495), together with two ministers and the whole diocesan chapter of Würzburg Cathedral, explains why they had commissioned a new edition of the breviary. Reference is made to three printers commissioned to edit and print this book for its use within the diocese. The three printers, who were recruited from Strasbourg, are granted protection of their property, and it is specified that they alone have been commissioned to do this work. Thus, the foreword contains the first exclusive right bestowed on a printer in the German Empire with regard to a specific book. Furthermore, it is the oldest episcopal privilege, as well as appearing to be the first one to have been embellished with, and authorised through, a sovereign prince's emblem. In this commentary it will be argued that the integrity and uniformity of the print edition were the prince-bishop's two main concerns, and it will be shown why Rudolf of Scherenberg is regarded to be one of the first sovereign rulers to make tactical use of the new art of printing, in order to achieve clerical and political goals. This foreword of 1479 illustrates the common roots of copyright, trademark practice, and censorship.dataset1479Dold, Reyser, BeckenhubLatinUniversitätsbibliothek Würzburg, Inc. f. 43, fol 38.Würzburgrecord_d_1511drecord_d_1485renewalreligious workspublic goodprivileges, printingprivileges, German Imperialprivilegesprinting, history ofpatronagelicensingcontractcensorshipbooks, protected subject matterWürzburg Cathedral ChapterWilhelm of LimburgRudolf of ScherenbergGeorg ReyserStephan DoldCilian of BibraJohannes Beckenhub
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1485Censorship Edict of the Archbishop of MainzCensorship Edict issued by Berthold of Henneberg, Elector and Archbishop of Mainz, banning unlicensed translations of the Bible and other religious writingsBerthold of Henneberg (1442-1504)This document is associated with the core document: d_1479.dataset1485Georg Ryser on behalf of Prince-Bishop Rudolf of ScherenbergLatinStadtarchiv Iphofen B 303MainzWürzburgFrankfurtErfurtrecord_d_1479translations, of contemporary workstranslations, of classic workstranslation, right ofreligious worksprinting, history oflicensinglearning, the advancement ofexpurgationcensorship, pre-publicationBible, theRudolf of ScherenbergGeorg ReyserBerthold of Henneberg
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1501Imperial Senate privilege to the Sodalitas CelticaTitle, Dedications and Colophon with Reference to a Privilege of the Imperial Senate in Favour of the Sodalitas Celitica for an Edition of Works of HrotsvitOPERA HROSVITE ILLVSTRIS VIR||GINIS ET MONIALIS GERMANE GEN||TE SAXONICA ORTE NVPER A CONRA||DO CELTE INVENTA.||Celtis, Conrad (1459-1508)The first privileges for books covering the whole territory of the Holy Roman Empire were granted by the Imperial Senate to a Humanists' academy ('Sodalitas') founded by Conrad Celtis. The original privilege has not been preserved, but there are references to it in an edition of works by the early medieval nun Hrotsvit of Gandersheim (1501) and in the Libri Amoris by Celtis (1502). The 1502 privilege specifies a ten-year term of protection. Ever since Pütter [d_1774] drew attention to them, the privileges for the editions brought out by Celtis's academy have been regarded as the first book privileges granted in the Holy Roman Empire. This commentary gives an overview of the book market in the Holy Roman Empire during the fifteenth century and of the sixteenth- century Imperial supervision of books, as well as some information on Celtis's life and his relations to Emperor Maximilian I (1459-1519). Details of the dedications, which appear both as text and illustrations, are highlighted so as to give an indication of the Humanists' political and artistic aspirations. The granting of privileges by the Imperial Senate in favour of Celtis's 'Sodalitas' was in fact conceived as a gesture by the high nobility to promote the arts and sciences and to encourage loyal and deserving subjects of the Emperor, rather than as an early form of regulation of the book market.dataset1501Sodalitas CelticaLatinUniversitätsbibliothek Freiburg D 8603ViennaNurembergrecord_d_1502universitiestypographysocieties, authors'scholarly writingreligious worksprivileges, Venetianprivileges, German Imperialprinting, history ofpatronagemedical tractsimmoral workshumanismgrammarsdurationdefamationcensorship, pre-publicationcensorshipbooks, protected subject matterbook tradebook marketBible, theauthorship, corporatealmanacsSodalitas CelticaImperial SenateMaximilian IHrotsvit of GandersheimFrederick III of SaxonyConrad Celtis
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1502Privilege of the Imperial Senate for Works of Conrad CeltisTitle, Dedications and Colophon with Reference to a Privilege of the Imperial Senate in Favour of the Sodalitas Celitica for an Edition of Works of Conrad CeltisQuatuor libri amorum secundum quatuor latera GermanieCeltis, ConradThis document is related to d_1501dataset1502Sodalitas celticaLatinImage pages translated: 14Viennarecord_d_1501scholarly writingprivileges, German Imperialprivilegespatronagehumanismbooks, protected subject matterSodalitas CelticaImperial SenateMaximilian IConrad Celtis
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1511dataset
record_d_1511a
2021-11-24
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1511aImperial Privilege for Arnolt SchlickImperial Privilege for Arnolt Schlick Printed in his 'Mirror of Organ Makers and Organ Players' regarding this Book Plus a Prospective Edition of MusicSpiegel der Orgelmacher vn Organisten allen Stifften vn kirch || so Orgel halte Oder mache lassen hochnützlich. durch den hochberüm||pten vn kunstreichen Meyster Arnolt Schlicken Pfaltzgrauischen || Organiste artlich verfaßt.vn vß Römischer Kaißerlicher maiestat || sonder löblicher befreyhug vn begnadg auffgericht vn außgang.||Arnolt SchlickUnder the reign of Maximilian I, most privileges were granted on the grounds of personal relations between authors and the Imperial court. From the available historical records Schlick comes across as a famous musician, and Maximilian as a ruler of great culture who was particularly interested in books and typographic questions. This commentary will look at Emperor Maximilian's interest in the arts and sciences as a basis for granting privileges; at other sixteenth-century privileges for composers; at early requests for statutory copies; and at the standardisation of the Imperial privilege system around 1590.dataset1511Peter Drach IIIGermanMarienbibliothek HalleStrasbourgHeidelbergrecord_d_1511crecord_d_1512utilitytypographytranslations, of contemporary workstechnical manualsRenaissance, theReformation, thepublic goodprivileges, Polishprivileges, German Imperialprivileges, Frenchprivilegespenaltiespatronagehumanismduration, prolongation of privilegesdurationmusic, protected subject matterlicensingimportationforeign reprintsdepositbooks, protected subject matterbook marketbook fairsarrangementZyprian von SernteinArnolt SchlickPhilip of WittelsbachMaximilian I
record_d_1511b
2021-11-24
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1511bImperial Privilege for Albrecht DürerColophon to Albrecht Dürer's woodcut cycle 'Life of the Virgin' with Reference to an Imperial PrivilegeEPITOME IN DIVAE PARTHENICES MARI||AE HISTORIAM AB ALBERTO DVRERO || NORICO PER FIGVRAS DIGES|| TAM CVM VERSIBVS ANNE||XIS CHELIDONII ||Benedictus Chelidonius (also Benedikt Schwalbe), Albrecht DürerWarning, claiming an Imperial privilege - printed on the last page of self-published editions of four woodcut cycles: the new Small Passion (37 folios), and book editions of the Great Passion, Life of the Virgin, and Apocalypse (a reprint edition of 14 folios from 1497-98 that had made Albrecht Dürer famous across Europe). The commentary discusses the development of wood and copper print technologies, and their place in Renaissance aesthetics. It then assesses Dürer's seminal commercial response, centring on his 'AD' monogram, engraving techniques that were hard to copy, privileges and law suits brought against copiers and reprinters. The most notorious example is an alleged dispute under Venetian jurisprudence reported 50 years later by Giorgio Vasari. This involved copies of Dürer prints by Marcantonio Raimondi, the pre-eminent engraver of Renaissance Italy, and a close collaborator of Raphael. For an example of the 74 identified Raimondi copies of Dürer, see i_1504.dataset1511Albrecht DürerLatinGermanisches Nationalmuseum, NurembergNurembergrecord_i_1504signatureRenaissance, theprivileges, German Imperialprinting, history ofpenaltiespatronageengravings, protected subject mattercounterfeitMaximilian IAlbrecht Dürer
record_d_1511c
2021-11-24
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1511cImperial Privilege for Konrad PeutingerImperial Privilege of 1511 for Konrad Peutinger as Printed in an Edition of 1515 Including Jornades' 'De Rebus Gothorum' and Paul the Deacon's 'History of the Langobards'IORNAN||DES DE REBVS || GOTHORVM. PAV||LVS DIACONVS || FOROIVLIEN=||SIS DE GESTIS || LANGOBARDO=||RVMPeutingerThis document is associated with the core document: d_1511a. Signed in Freiburg on 1 March 1511, the privilege for Konrad Peutinger as printed here is the earliest Imperial privilege preserved in full text. Peutinger, an Imperial councillor and town clerk of his native Augsburg, was granted a ten-years' term of protection by the Emperor starting 'from the day when this Our councillor has arranged for these books to be printed' ('subsequens ab ea die dicti libri ex ordinatione ipsius Consiliarii nostri impressi fuerint'). The privilege was published in 1515 in a volume which contained editions of Jordanes's book 'On the Origin and Deeds of the Goths' and Paul the Deacon's 'History of the Langobards'. The privilege also covered an edition planned by Peutinger of what is now known as the 'Tabula Peutingeriana', a 5th century A.D. Roman street map otherwise referred to as 'exemplaria Itinerarii Antonini Caesaris'. This map, however, was never published by Peutinger. Nevertheless, the explicit reference to 'books and maps' ('libros et chartas') means that the privilege is an early example of protection being extended to published materials other than books as such.dataset1515Johannes MillerLatinUniversitätsbibliothek Freiburg D 6467Freiburgrecord_d_1511aunpublished worksprivileges, German Imperialprivilegespatronagemaps, protected subject matterdurationbooks, protected subject matterKonrad PeutingerPaulus DiaconusMaximilian IJordanesCaracallaAthanaric
record_d_1511d
2021-11-24
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1511dPrivilege of the Bishop of StrasbourgPrivilege granted by Wilhelm of Hornstein, Bishop of Strasbourg for a Breviary for the Strasbourg DioceseBreviarium argentineum. || Pars estiualis.||Impendimenta horarium rite dicendar. || Syncopa/ discursus/ vaga mentes/ & mixta loquala:|| Sunt que canonicas obstant dicentibus horas ||(ab egregio doctore Jacobo Han in spiritualibus «dum vixit» vicario pro maiori parte castigat:||)Wilhelm von HornsteinThis document is associated with the core document: d_1479. The privilege for the printer of the Strasbourg breviary of 1511 is an example of a sixteenth-century episcopal printing privilege, granted at a time when privileges from lay sovereigns would also have been available. It gives a three-year exclusive license to print the breviary within the territory of the diocese.dataset1511Johann Prüß the YoungerLatinUniversitätsbibliothek Freiburg O 9893record_d_1479religious worksprivileges, printingdurationWilhelm III of HohnsteinJohann, the Elder PrüßJakob Han
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1512Lyrical Reference to an Imperial privilege for Arnolt SchlickTitle, prefaces and a poem referring to an Imperial privilege granted to Arnolt Schlick for an edition of music: 'Tablatures of Several Canticles and Songs for the Organ and Lute'Tabulaturen etlicher lobgesang und lidlein uff die orgeln un lauten / ein theil mit zweien stimen zu zwicken un die drit darzu sunge / etlich on gesangk mit dreien / vo Arnolt Schlicken Pfaltzgrauischem Churfürstlichem Organiste Tabulirt / un in den truck in der ursprugklichen stat der truckerei zu Meintz wie hie nach volgt verordent.Arnolt Schlick, Peter Schöffer jr.The first three lines of the poem in rhyming couplets praise the work in question. The following 11 lines focus on the content of the privilege, the protection term, and the punishment imposed for violations. The full text of the privilege as presented in Arnolt Schlick's 1511 edition is not included in this music print. Neither does the title page bear any reference to the privilege. Thus it is solely the poem which indicates that the work is protected against reprint. The poem is followed by two prefaces, which have not been transcribed or translated in our edition. The first preface by Arnolt Schlick Jr is a gesture of filial reverence towards his blind father. The second preface contains the father's answer to his son, who had probably assisted him in preparing the tablatures. Despite his blindness Arnolt Schlick discusses precisely the problem of corruption of a text or musical score after the original manuscript has been handed over to the printers.dataset1512Peter Schöffer jr.GermanScanned from the facsimile edition published by tree-edition.comMainzrecord_d_1511atypographyprivileges, German Imperialprivilegespenaltiesmusic, protected subject matterdurationPeter, Jr. Schöffer
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1513Imperial privilege for Eucharius RösslinImperial privilege for Eucharius Rösslin's 'The Rose Garden for Pregnant Women and Midwives'Der¬ Swangern || Frauwen vnd || hebamen Ro||segarten.||Eucharius RösslinThis is the first Imperial privilege granting protection against translations and it is the first Imperial privilege specifying a stipulated fine to be paid on a fifty-fifty basis to the aggrieved author and the Imperial Chamber Court respectively. The official document of the privilege has not been preserved, but the full text is printed at the beginning of the book. Rösslin's 'Rose Garden' was a standard text- book on midwifery in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The first edition of 1513 was followed in 1532 by a Latin version, which was soon again translated into the main European languages. The 1513 privilege grants protection for six years. Not only reprints produced within the realm of the Emperor's jurisdiction are banned, but also the importing and distribution of reprint editions from foreign territories (both in German and in translated versions). This commentary focuses on how translations were protected by privilege; on the relationship between local and Imperial privileges in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries; and on the relationship between censorship and privileges within the Empire.dataset1513Martin FlachGermanUB Tübingen Jg 13.4.Colognerecord_d_1560record_d_1516brecord_d_1516auniversitiestranslations, of contemporary workstranslations, protection ofreprintsreligious worksReformation, theprivileges, Saxonprivileges, Papalprivileges, German Imperialprivileges, fictitiousprivileges, Bavarianprivilegesprinting, history ofpenalties, paid to fiscal authoritiespatronagemedical tractslicensing, Imprimaturimportationguildsguild regulationgrammarsforeign reprintseditions, newdurationcensorshipbooks, protected subject matterBible, theImperial TreasuryEucharius RösslinMaximilian I
record_d_1516a
2021-11-24
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1516aImperial Privilege for Johannes EckImperial privilege granted to Johannes Eck for his edition of Joannes Argyropoulus's translation of Aristotle's works into LatinAristotelis Stragyrite Diale||ctica: c qui#[que] vocibus Porphyrii Phe||nicis: Argyropilo traductore: a Joanne Eckio || Theologo facili explanatione declarata: adnotatio||nibus compendiarijs illustrata: ac scholastico exer||citio explicata: ... ||Johannes Eck / Aristotle / Joannes ArgyropoulosThis document is associated with the core document: d_1513. This is an example of a privilege granted to a distinguished scholar for an edition which was to be used and bought mainly by university students. As outlined in the commentary to d_1513, the Ingolstadt professor Johannes Eck applied for both Imperial and Bavarian privileges. Ingolstadt was a Bavarian university town, but it seems that there was no printing shop there which could satisfy Eck's expectations. So after editing the various volumes of the translation, he ordered several copies to be printed by Johann Miller in Augsburg, at that time a Free Imperial town and thus not subject to Bavarian ducal jurisdiction. Eck bought the greater part, if not the whole of this Augsburg-printed edition. With regard to his edition of Petrus Hispanus, Eck expressed the hope that he would recoup his investments eight times over ('speroque eos finem habituros in octavo') in a letter of 17 April 1516 to Nikolaus Ellenbog (cf. Johannes Eck, 'Briefwechsel', an online resource edited by Vinzenz Pfnür at: http://ivv7srv15.uni-muenster.de/mnkg/pfnuer/Eck-Briefe.html). As one can read on the last page, the Aristotle edition 'was produced in Miller's Augsburg printing shop' ('Excusa in officina Millerana Augustae Vindelicorum'). The reference to Miller as just the producer confirms Eck's role as the publisher. The left side of the coat-of-arms on the title-page refers to the foundation of Ingolstadt University in 1473 ('Ingolstadium 1473'). The price of the volumes was fixed by the University to 20 kreuzer (cf. the online commentary to Eck's letter of 17 April 1516). The privilege also grants protection for an edition of works by Petrus Hispanus and the 'explanations or commentaries [on Aristotle's 'Logic' and 'Physics'] for a period of ten years after the day of printing' ('explanatione sive commentarios in decennio subsequenti ab ea die qua ipsi commentarii impressi fuerint'), and was issued by the Imperial Councillor Cyprian of Serentein (Northeim) on 22 January 1516 in Augsburg on behalf of Emperor Maximilian I.dataset1516Johannes Miller /Johannes EckLatinUniversitätsbibliothek, Freie Universität Berlin, 34/74/7764(0)Augsburgrecord_d_1516brecord_d_1513universitiesscholarly writingprivileges, German Imperialprivileges, Bavarianprivilegesprice regulationdurationbooks, protected subject matterZyprian von SernteinPetrus HispanusJohann MillerJohannes Eck
record_d_1516b
2021-11-24
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1516bPrivilege of the Duke of BavariaPrivilege granted by Duke Wilhelm of Bavaria for Johannes Turmair's grammar book 'Rudimenta Grammaticae'Jllus: Principibus Vil||elmio/ Litauico/ Arionisto, Literari#[que] || Reipublic Boiorum Dedicat || Rudimenta gramaticae || De octo partibus orõis & constructione, Grco||rum declinatione seorsum || ... Encyclopedia or||bis#[que] doctrinarum in calce. Ioannes Auentinus || Thurinomarus edidit atque recognouit || ... ||(ILLVSTRISSIMI PRIN||CIPIS ARIONISTI || DVCIS BOIORVM || ... AD=||HORTATIO AD IVVENES ET || ... COMMENDATIO GRAM||MATICAE AVENTINI || PRAECEPTORIS SVJohannes Turmair / Duke Wilhelm of BavariaThe privilege issued by Duke Wilhelm of Bavaria on 16 December 1516 gives the bookseller Erhard Sampach the exclusive right to sell Turmair's 'Grammar' in Bavaria for a period of six years. It was first published in the edition of 1517. Sampach was based in the Bavarian university town of Ingolstadt. He had commissioned the services of the printer Johann Miller from Augsburg, a Free Imperial City not subject to Bavarian ducal jurisdiction. The Bavarian privilege may have prevented Bavarian booksellers from selling copies of the Nuremberg and Leipzig reprints, but it could not prevent the reprint of Sampach's enlarged 1517 edition which was brought out by Lotter in Leipzig, in 1520.dataset1517Johannes Miller / Erhard SempachLatinForschungsbibliothek Gotha Mon. typ. 1517 4° 24 (3)record_d_1516arecord_d_1513universitiesreprintsprivileges, Bavarianprivilegesgrammarsforeign reprintseditions, newbooks, protected subject matterWilhelm IV of BavariaJohann TurmairErhard Sampach
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1525Luther's 'Admonition to the Printers'Martin Luther's 'Admonition to the Printers' as the preface to his 'Interpretation of the Epistles and Gospels from Advent to Easter'Auslegung der Epi=||steln vnd Euangelien || vom Aduent an bis || auff Ostern.|| Anderweyt corrigirt || durch Martin || Luther.|| Daruber eyn newe || Register.||Martin LutherThis document is associated with the core document: d_1541dataset1525Rhau-GrunenbergGermanWürtembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart, Theol.fol.1085, sheet 229 verso, Photographer: FinkbeinerWittenbergrecord_i_1503record_d_1534record_d_1541utilitytypographyreligious worksReformation, thepublic goodproperty analogiesmoral rights, integritymoral rights, attributionmanuscriptfraudeditions, newdivine lawcounterfeitBible, theauthors' remunerationSt Paul the ApostleMartin LutherJohannes Grunenberg
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1531Basel Printers' StatuteBasel Printers' Statute of 28 October 1531 as laid out in the Basel 'Statute Book'Verordnung der Stadt Basel vom 28. Oktober 1531 betreffend die Angelegenheiten der Buchhändler aus dem Basler 'Erkanntnisbuch'Council of BaselThis is the first municipal printers' ordinance enacted in the printing centres of the Upper Rhine region, and it is also the first general prohibition of reprinting in the German lands. The document is part of the Basel Council's Statute Book (lit. 'Book of Findings' - 'Erkanntnisbuch'). It provides for a fixed three-year term of protection and stipulates that a sum of 100 gulden is to be paid as a fine by those who violate it. Moreover, the Statute forbids the printing of anything that 'could harm the city of Basel', as well as any attempts by printers to entice away colleagues' staff by offering higher wages and so on. The Statute, therefore, tacitly acknowledges that the printing business requires investments not just in terms of capital but also in terms of manpower: hence this provision to prevent printers from losing their staff to competitors. The Basel Printers' Statute has been recognised as the very first act of municipal printing regulation in the early centres of printing in the Upper Rhine region during the sixteenth century. This commentary will focus on the distinction between the concept of 'publishers' property', as it was formulated in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, and the eighteenth-century notion of 'intellectual property'.dataset1531UnpublishedGermanStaatsarchiv of Basel-Stadt. 'Erkanntnisbuch' StABS, Ratsbücher B 4, p. 96 recto and versoBaselrecord_d_1591typographyscholarly writingreprintsRenaissance, theReformation, thepublic goodproperty theory, publishers' propertyproperty theoryprivileges, Venetianprivileges, Papalprivileges, German Imperialprivileges, Frenchprivilegesprinting, history ofpenalties, paid to fiscal authoritiesmonopolymanuscriptlicensing, Approbationlearning, the advancement ofimportationhumanismguildsguild regulationforeign reprintsemployer/employee relationseditions, newdurationdefamationcustomscensorshipbooks, protected subject matterbook tradebook marketBible, theBasel City CouncilBasel Printers' Statute 1531Curio v. Cratander (1522)Valentin CurioAndreas Cratander
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1533Schott v. EgenolphWrit of the Strasbourg printer Johannes Schott, filed at the Imperial Chamber Court on 14 July 1533 in Schott v. EgenolphJohannes (Hans) SchottThis is a writ submitted to the Imperial Chamber Court on 14 July 1533 by Johann (Hans) Schott. Schott claims that the Frankfurt printer Christian Egenolph has reprinted his publication of a German translation ('Contrafayt Kräuterbuch') of Otto Brunfels's herbal 'Portrait of Living Plants' ('Herbarium vivae eicones ad naturae imitationem', 1st part 1530), thereby violating the Imperial privilege which had been granted for the original Latin edition. He focuses on the excellent woodcuts produced for Schott's edition by Hans Weiditz (a pupil of Dürer), accusing Egenolph of having used copies of these drawings, albeit on a smaller scale, for his Frankfurt edition. Schott v. Egenolph is the first reprint case in the Holy Roman Empire and the first of three such cases heard before the Imperial Chamber Court ('Reichskammergericht') over the course of the sixteenth century. Although a verdict on this case has not been found in the records, it has been concluded from the editorial history of Brunsfels's book that the court adjudicated in favour of the plaintiff.dataset1533unpublishedGermanProzess Nr. 1400 Schott v EgenolphStrasbourgFrankfurttranslations, of contemporary worksreprintsprivileges, German Imperialpenaltieslicensing, Approbationguildsdrawings, protected subject mattercounterfeitbook fairsFrankfurt fairFrankfurt City CouncilSchott v. Egenolph (1533)Johann SchottChristian Sr. EgenolphCharles V of Habsburg
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1534Privilege of the Elector of SaxonyPrivilege granted in 1534 by John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony, to the Wittenberg-based printers of several works by Martin Luther (as printed in the 1545 edition of Luther's German translation of the Bible)Biblia: das ist:|| die gantze Heili=||ge Schrifft:|| Deudsch/ Auffs new || zugericht.|| D. Mart. Luth.||John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony / Martin LutherThis document is associated with the core document: d_1541dataset1534Hans LufftGermanWürtembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart Bb deutsch 154503 (p. 1) and the original handwritten privilege from the Stadtarchiv Wittenberg, scanned from a reprint in Hans Volz, Martin Luthers deutsche Bibeln (Berlin and Altenburg 1981) p. 157WittenbergTorgauSaxonyrecord_d_1525record_d_1534religious worksprivileges, Saxonprivilegespenalties, paid to publisher(s)penalties, paid to fiscal authoritiespatronageBible, theBartholomäus VogelChristoph SchrammMartin LutherJohn Frederick IMoritz Goltz
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1541Luther's 'Warning to the Printers'Martin Luther's 'Warning to the Printers' as part of the preface to his German translation of the BibleBiblia: das ist:|| die gantze Heili=||ge Schrifft:|| Deudsch/ Auffs new || zugericht.|| D. Mart. Luth.||Martin LutherLuther's and the Protestant Reformation's bearing on sixteenth-century printing history and reading culture can hardly be overestimated and Luther's 'Warning' is a core part of the narrative on the history of German copyright.dataset1545Hans LufftGermanWürttembergische Landesbibliothek Signatur: Bb deutsch 154503 (from the reprint edition of 1545)WittenbergTorgaurecord_i_1503record_d_1525record_d_1534utilitytypographytranslations, protection ofreprintsreligious worksReformation, thepublic goodproperty analogiesprivileges, Saxonprivilegesprinting, history ofpiracymoral obligationsdivine lawBible, theBartholomäus VogelChristoph SchrammSt Paul the ApostleMartin LutherHans LufftJohn Frederick I
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1549Electoral Saxon Printing and Censorship Acts from 1549 to 1717Electoral Saxon Printing and Censorship Acts of 1549, 1562, 1571, 1609, 1620, 1625, 1636, 1661, 1678, 1683, 1686, 1702, 1711, 1717 as published in 1724Codex Augusteus oder neuvermehrtes Corpus Juris Saxonici: worinnen die in dem Churfürstenthum Sachsen und dazu gehörigen Landen, auch denen Markgrafthümern Ober- und Niederlausitz, publicirte und ergangene Constitutiones, Decisiones, Mandata und Verordnungen enthalten, nebst einem Elencho, dienlichen Summarien und vollkommenen Registern, Mit Ihrer Königlichen Majestät in Pohlen, als Churfürstens zu Sachen, Allergnädigster Bewilligung ans Licht gegeeben und in richtige Ordnung gebracht von Johann Christian LünigJohann Christian LünigIn 1625 the clarification was made that book privileges were not 'issued in perpetuity' and in 1686 (in a mandate that was by and large copied from the Emperor's decree of 25 October 1685) it was stated that publishers were 'to refrain from illicit reprinting which causes great harm to those who have honestly acquired books from their authors and who may well have obtained privileges for them'. This wording was interpreted as a general ban of reprinting for both privileged and not-privileged books within a Rescript of 1798. However, this retrospective interpretation is not borne out by the practice of publishers and booksellers in Saxony over the course of the eighteenth century.dataset1724Son of Johann Friedrich Gleditsch (= Thomas Fritsch)GermanUniversität Freiburg, Institut für Rechtsgeschichte, Frei 81: E 10 - 215WittenbergTorgauSpeyerLübeckLeipzigGiessenFrankfurtDresdenAugsburgrecord_d_1773utilityuniversitiesreligious worksprivileges, Saxonprivileges, fictitiousprivilegesprinting, history ofprice regulationpenalties, paid to publisher(s)penalties, paid to fiscal authoritiespenaltiesnewspaperslicensing, Imprimaturlicensing, Approbationimportationimmoral worksguildsguild regulationduration, prolongation of privilegesdepositdefamationcensorship, pre-publicationcensorshipbook tradeBible, theanonymous worksWittenberg UniversitySupreme Consistory (Lutheran Church Council) in DresdenSaxon State ChanceryLeipzig UniversityLeipzig fairImperial Diet (Reichstag) at Speyer 1570Imperial Diet (Reichstag) at Augsburg 1548Leipzig City CouncilBooks Commission (Leipzig)Codex Augusteus (Body of Electoral Saxon Law, published in 1724)Peace of Westphalia (1648)Sale of reprints of C. Dieterich's Sermons on the Seven Penitential SinsSale of reprints of Luther's Bible and Hutter's Summaria in LeipzigSale of foreign reprints of Saxon privileged books in SaxonyJohann Adam SchertzerMaurice IMartin LutherJohann Georg IIIJohann Georg IIJohann Georg ILeonhard HutterFrederick Augustus ICunrad DieterichChristian IIAugustus of SaxonyAugustus I
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1560Counterfeited papal privilegeCounterfeited papal privilege excluding the German lands, as printed in the satyrical Obscure Disputations on TheologyColloquia obscurorum theologorum, ac concionatorum, grassantium nunc per Brabantiam, ex quibus lector praeter Atticum leporem, etiam illorum mores ac studia cognoscetN.N.This document is associated with the core document: d_1513. The title of the 'Colloquia obscurorum theologorum' alludes to the famous 'Epistolae Obscurorum Virorum' (i.e. 'Letters of Obscure Men'), a collection of satirical letters published anonymously by Johann Crotus and Ulrich von Hutten around 1515. The limits of the protection afforded by the papal privilege and the censorship regime in the Catholic lands are illustrated ironically in the 'tenor of the privilege' printed at the end of the Colloquia obscurorum theologorum. This book was a contribution to the sixteenth-century theological disputes between Roman Catholics and Protestants. It has been suggested that the writer came from the Archdiocese of Cambrai, probably from Brussels (Frederik Pijper, 184). The obviously Protestant author sneers at the theologians from Leuwen University. Typically Lutheran positions are put forward: it is claimed that the theological faculties of Leuwen and Rome have issued a ban on reading the Bible, and that the Leuwen theologians have even published corrupt editions of it. The fictive dialogues are conducted between prominent members of the Catholic party: the Leuwen inquisitor and dean of the Theological Faculty Ruard Tapper (1485-1559); the Bishop of 's-Hertogenbosch and Antwerpen, Franciscus Sonnius (1506-1576); and Jodokus Tiletanus (also Josse Ravensteyn) (1506-1570), who in 1567 had expelled the Protestants from Leuwen. The fictive imprint on the title-page (d_1560_im_1_1.tif) refers to both a papal censorship license and a privilege (Romae stampato con priuilegio del Papa), whereas on the last page the terms of the 'privilege' are satirically specified.dataset1560N.N. [fictively Eleuthero Aglicero]LatinWürttembergische Landesbibliothek Stuttgart Theol.qt.1537record_d_1516brecord_d_1516arecord_d_1513privileges, Papalprivileges, fictitiousexcommunicationPius IV
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1591A publisher's 'Friendly Reminder' about reprints'Friendly Reminder to all God-loving Book printers, Booksellers, and publishers' included by the publisher Michel Schmück as the foreword to Part I of Cyriacus Spangenberg's 'Mirror for the Nobility', a treatise on the aristocracyAdels Spiegel.|| Historischer || Ausf[ue]rlicher Bericht: Was Adel || sey vnd heisse/ Woher er kome/ Wie mancherley er sey/ Vnd || Was denselben ziere vnd erhalte ... || auffs fleissigste beschrieben/ Durch || M.Cyriacum Spangenberg.||Cyriacus Spangenberg/ Michel SchmückThis document is associated with the core document: d_1531. This printer's preface was cited in a dispute among German scholars on what was called a 'publisher's property' as a precursor of the later concept of 'author's property'. The publisher refers to Christ's Seventh Commandment and brands reprinting as theft. Schmück's request that no one reprint his book is based on the claim that he had produced the book at 'quite significant expense'. Gieseke comments on this: 'It would have seemed obvious if publishers had regarded the expenses incurred in acquiring a new work (i.e. the author's fee, in particular), not merely as a debit entry in the publishing account but, rather, as what they had to pay in return for obtaining a special exploitation right (in the modern sense) to the work embodied in the manuscript (that is, a right going beyond mere physical ownership of the manuscript).' From the observation that Schmück did not put forward such an argument, Gieseke concludes that 'the notion of an exploitation right to the work acquired [by the publisher] from the author did not exist as yet'.dataset1591Michel SchmückGermanUniversitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, online edition 'Rechtsquellen der frühen Neuzeit' http://rechtsquellen-digital.uni-hd.derecord_d_1531royalty/royaltiesreprintsproperty theory, publishers' propertypiracymanuscriptdivine lawbook tradeBible, theCyriacus SpangenbergMichel Schmück
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1598Frankfurt Printers' OrdinanceNew Regulation and Statutes, enacted by the worthy Council of the City of Frankfurt, as to what is to be adhered to henceforth by the printing-offices of this city. Promulgated on 10 October 1598.Eines Erbarn Raths ernewerte Ordnung vnd Artickel, wie es forthin auff allen Truckereyen, in dieser Statt Franckfurt soll gehalten werdenFrankfurt City CouncilThe censorship rules of 1588 were tightened in 1598, repeated in 1660 and again tightened further in the amendment of 1690. According to the 1588 Regulation (sections 7 and 10), printers were obliged to submit, twice a year at the time of the fairs, a catalogue of the works they intended to publish. In 1598, however, a pre-censorship rule was instituted for every single publication. According to the 1588 provision, the catalogue drawn up by a printer and approved twice a year by the authorities was sufficient proof that he had complied with the censorship rules, whereas from 1598 onwards a register of works having passed censorship was kept by the censorship authority.dataset1598SaurGermanUniversitätsbibliothek Frankfurt Flugschr. G. Fr. 931record_d_1660registrationprinting, history ofpenaltiesnewspapersguildsguild regulationemployer/employee relationscensorship, pre-publicationcensorshipbook trade
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1599dataset
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1608'Books Constitution' of Emperor Rudolf IIPrivilege and censorship provisions in the 'Books Constitution' of Emperor Rudolf II, as published in a 1713 collection of Imperial StatutesKaysers Rudolphi II. Constitution, wegen der Bücher / de Anno 1608, as published in: Das teutsche Reichsarchiv, und zwar Pars Generalis, nebst dessen Continuation, Welcher in sich begreifft, ein vollkommenes Corpus Juris Publici des Heiligen Römischen Reichs Teutscher Nation [...] aus den berühmtesten Scribenten, raren Manuscriptis, u. durch kostbare Correspondez zusammen getragen, alles in eine richtige Ordnung gebracht, mit dienlichen Summarien und Anmerkungen, auch einem Elencho und vollständigem Register versehen, und zu des gemeinen Wesens Besten ans Licht gegeben von Johann Christian LünigEmperor Rudolph II / Johann Christian LünigImperial privileges provided a satisfactory provision for books handled at the Frankfurt fair. The Imperial mandates, however, were not understood as providing a reprinting ban that covered unprivileged books as well, and there is no evidence that any such claims were ever based on the general ban on reprints notionally proclaimed in the 1662 version of this Imperial mandate.dataset1713Friedrich Lanckische Erben ('Heirs of Friedrich Lanck')GermanUniversitätsbibliothek Freiburg R 633PragueLeipzigFrankfurtFreyenthurmregistrationprivileges, printingprivileges, fictitiousprivilegespenaltieslicensing, Imprimaturlicensing, Approbationimportationimmoral worksfrauddepositdefamationcustomscensorshipbook tradebook fairsauthenticityImperial State Chancery (Vienna)Imperial Supreme Court (Reichskammergericht, Speyer)Frankfurt City CouncilCollege of Electors (Kurfürstliches Kollegium)Aulic Council (Reichshofrat) of the H.R.E. (Vienna)Imperial Books Constitution 1608Golden Bull of Emperor Charles IV (1356)Karl SeiblinRudolf II of HabsburgJohann Christian LünigValentin LeuchtGeorg ErstenbergerCharles VI of HabsburgCharles IV
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1657Preface to Silesius's Chant BookPreface to Angelus Silesius's und Georgius Josephus's 'Holy Delight of the Soul or Spiritual Pastoral Songs of a Soul Fallen in Love with Jesus'Heilige Seelen-Lust oder geistliche Hirten-Lieder der in ihren Jesum verliebten Psyche / gesungen von Angelo Silesio, und von Georgio Josepho mit außbundig schönen Melodeyen geziertAngelus Silesius (lyrics) / Georgius Josephus (also Georg Joseph) (music)This document is associated with the core document: d_1659dataset1657Baumann and GründerGermanKirchenbibliothek Neustadt/AischWroclaw (Breslau)religious worksoriginalitymusic publishingcompilationattribute, obligation toSebastian of RostockGeorgius JosephusGeorg BaumannAngelus Silesius
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1659Schupp: The Book ThiefThe Book Thief. Warned and admonished by J.B. SchuppDer Bücherdieb. Gewarnet und ermahnet durch J.B. SchuppiumJohann Balthasar SchuppThese documents provide an insight into the state of mid-seventeenth-century authors' sense of their rights, their bargaining power, and their thoughts on plagiarism.dataset1658N.N.GermanScanned from a reprint edited by Reinhard Wittmann (Munich: Kraus International Publishing, 1981), based on a copy held at the Herzog August Bibliothek in WolfenbüttelWismarLondonHamburgrecord_d_1750record_d_1666record_d_1657transferabilityscholarly writingreprintsproperty analogiesprivileges, Swedishprivileges, German Imperialprivilegesplagiarismpiracypenalties, paid to fiscal authoritiespenalties, paid to author(s)learning, the advancement ofinheritabilityforeign reprintseditions, newcounterfeitcatechismsbook tradebook fairsbarter tradeauthor/publisher relationsMarburg UniversityFrankfurt fairJohann Balthasar SchuppJohannes Martin PorßFranz Joel ÖrnstedtJohann Michel MoscheroschMartin LutherKarl X GustavChristoph HelwigNikolaus HampelJohann Christian Baron von BoyneburgAlexander VII
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1660Frankfurt Printers' OrdinanceNew Regulation and Statutes Enacted by a Worthy and Most Wise Council of the City of Frankfurt-on-the-Main As to what is to be Adhered to Henceforth by the Printing-Offices of this City 9 February 1660Eines Edlen und Hochweisen Raths der Stadt Franckfurt am Mayn Erneuerte Ordnung und Artickel, Wie es fürterhin auff denen Buchdruckereyen dieser Stadt gehalten werden sollCouncil of FrankfurtThe commentary covers early modern printers' ordinances in general and gives details on ordinances from Frankfurt (1578, 1588, 1598, 1660, 1690), Nuremberg (1561, 1673), and Augsburg 1713.dataset1660SpörlinGermanUniversitätsbibliothek Frankfurt Ffm W 554Frankfurtrecord_d_1713record_d_1690record_d_1673record_d_1598Università di Stampatori e Librai (Venetian Guild of Printers and Booksellers)societies, publishers'secrecyreprintsregistrationReformation, theproperty theory, publishers' propertyproperty theory, authors' propertyprivileges, German Imperialprivileges, fictitiousprivileges, printingprivilegesprinting, history ofpenaltieslobbyinginterest groupsingenuityimmoral worksguildsguild regulationfree tradeformalitiesengravings, protected subject matteremployer/employee relationseditions, newdurationdepositdefamationcensorshipbooks, protected subject matterbook tradebook marketbook fairsauthorship, legal concept ofauthenticityanonymous worksabridgementsFrankfurt fairFrankfurt City Council
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1666Henning: The Highly Lauded Bookmaker'The Highly Lauded Bookmaker, or: A small but amusing and edifying book on the production of books. Dedicated to the contemporary scholarly community and drafted in a few sheets by Aegidius Henning'Gepriesener Büchermacher oder Von Büchern / und Büchermachen en zwar kleines / jedoch lustiges ud erbauliches Büchlein. Der heutigen gelehrten Welt zugeeignet / und in wenigen Bögen entworffen Von Aegidio HenningenAegidius Henning (c.1630-1686)This document is associated with the core document: d_1659dataset1666Johann David ZunnerGermanScanned from a reprint edited by Reinhard Wittmann (Munich: Kraus International Publishing, 1981), based on a copy held at the Herzog August Bibliothek in WolfenbüttelNassauHerborn (in Hessen)HanauFrankfurtEichen (in Hanau district)record_d_1659scholarly writingfraudbook marketauthorship, theory ofJohann David ZunnerJohann Balthasar SchuppAegidius Henning
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1673Nuremberg Printers' OrdinanceNew Ordinance and Statutes, enacted by a most honourable, strict and wise Council of the Imperial Free City of Nuremberg, as to what is to be adhered to henceforth by the printing-offices and the book publishers of this city.Eines Wol=Edlen / Gestrengen und Hochweisen Raths des Heil. Reichs Stadt Nürnberg Erneuerte Ordnung und Artickel / Wie es fürterhin auf denen Buchdruckereyen und mit Verlegung der Bücher dieser Stadt gehalten werden solleNuremberg Town CouncilThis document is associated with the core document: d_1660dataset1673Michael EndterGermanStadtarchiv Nürnberg A6 Nr. 1119.NurembergAltdorfrecord_d_1660reprintsregistrationprivileges, fictitiousprivilegespenalties, paid to publisher(s)penalties, paid to fiscal authoritiespenaltieslibrariesimmoral worksguildsguild regulationfraudforeign reprintsengravings, protected subject matteremployer/employee relationseditions, newcensorship, pre-publicationcensorshipcatechismsbooks, protected subject matterbook tradebook fairsBible, theauthor/publisher relationsauthenticityNuremberg Municipal Public LibraryNuremberg City CouncilLeipzig fairFrankfurt fairAltdorf UniversityNuremberg Printers' Ordinance 1673Michael Endter
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1675Counterfeited Privilege in Grimmelshausen's 'The Magic Bird's Nest'Counterfeited 'Privileges and Liberties' Devised by Christoffel von Grimmelshausen Himself for the Second Part of his Novel 'The Magic Bird's Nest''Privilegia und Freyheiten' in 'Deß Wunderbarlichen Vogelnests Zweiter Teil'Christoffel von GrimmelshausenGrimmelshausen had good reason to fear reprints. The first volume of The Magic Bird's Nest had been published by Johann Fillion in Montbéliard (Mömpelgard in German), a small town near Belfort which at that time belonged to the House of Württemberg but did not form part of the Holy Roman Empire. Shortly afterwards a reprint of this volume was published in the Netherlands with a fraudulent reference to the original publisher's name 'Amsterdam / Gedruckt bey Johann Fillion Im Jahr 1673').dataset1675N.N.GermanÖsterreichische Nationalbibliothek, Vienna 1447-A.Alt Magtranslations, of contemporary workstranslation, right ofreprintsReformation, theprivileges, fictitiousprivilegespiracybook tradeZoilusLucianAmbrosius LobwasserThomas à KempisHomerJohann HabermannAlexander the Great
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1690Amendment to the Frankfurt Printers' OrdinanceAmendment to the New Regulation and Statutes published in 1660 as to what is to be adhered to henceforth by the printing-offices of this City, issued on 1 July 1690Anhang zu der Erneuerten In Anno 1660, publicirten Ordnung und Articuln / Wie es fürderhin auff denen Buchtruckereyen dieser Stadt gehalten werden solle.Council of FrankfurtThis document is associated with the core document: d_1660dataset1690Blasio IlßnerGermanUniversitätsbibliothek Frankfurt Ffm W 554Frankfurtrecord_d_1660registrationprinting, history ofpenaltiesguildsguild regulationformalitieseditions, newdepositcensorship, pre-publicationauthenticityFrankfurt City CouncilFrankfurt Printers' Ordinance 1660
record_d_1690a
2021-11-24
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1690aBeier: On the Book Trade and its PrivilegesShort Account of the Useful and Laudable Book Trade and its PrivilegesKurtzer Bericht von der Nützlichen und Fürtrefflichen Buch-Handlung und Deroselben Privilegien. Auffge[se]tzet von Adrian Beiern, J.C.Adrian Beier (1634-1698)When Beier points to the benefit of even unlicensed abridged versions, his argument is quite similar to the modern economic concept of network externalities. The more attention people pay even to a corrupted version, the more buyers there will be of the original, too. In Beier's view both the author and his publisher have to give their consent first to any adaptations of their works, and it is only 'fair and just' for them to complain if they are not asked beforehand. However, the 'first publisher' - as Beier puts it at the very end - is the supreme authority. Even if Beier did not put forward any new arguments in the plagiarism and reprinting disputes of the seventeenth century, his books do shed light on the standard practices of printing privileges and, in general, on the book publishing and trading industry of his time.dataset1690Johann MeyerGermanScanned from a reprint edited by Reinhard Wittmann (Munich: Kraus International Publishing, 1981)universitiestaxationprivileges, Saxonprivileges, Frenchprivilegesprinting, history ofplagiarismoral works, protected subject matterguildseditions, newcustomsbook tradeauthorship, legal concept ofadaptationabridgementsErfurt Law FacultyErfurt Law Faculty's memorandum of 1669 on an unauthorised abridged edition of a law treatise by CarpzovConring v. Oldenburger (plagiarism case)Johannes LimnaeusOswald HilligerHugues DoneauBenedict Jr Carpzov
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1713Augsburg Printers' OrdinanceA Most Honourable and Most Wise Council's of the Holy Empire's Town Augspurg Printers' OrdinanceEines Wohl=Edlen und Hochweisen Raths deß Heil. Reichs Staats- und Stadtbibliothek Augspurg Buchdrucker=Ordnung Im Jahre Christi 1713Augsburg City CouncilThis document is associated with the core document: d_1660dataset1713N.N.GermanAugsburg Staats- und Stadtbibliothek A6 Nr. 1119.ViennaAugsburgrecord_d_1660universitiesreligious worksReformation, theprinting, history ofpenalties, paid to publisher(s)penalties, paid to fiscal authoritiesnewspaperslicensing, Imprimaturlicensing, Approbationlearning, the advancement ofimportationguildsguild regulationfraudformalitiesemployer/employee relationsdefamationcensorship, pre-publicationcensorshipbook tradebook fairsauthenticityImperial Supreme Court (Reichskammergericht, Wetzlar)Augsburg City CouncilAulic Council (Reichshofrat) of the H.R.E. (Vienna)Augsburg Printers' Ordinance 1713Imperial Statute Book (Reichspolizeiordnung) 1577Friedrich Karl Count von SchönbornCharles VI of HabsburgFranz Ulrich Ayblinger
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1738Thurneysen: On the Illicit Reprinting of BooksJohann Thurneysen's dissertation 'On the Illicit Reprinting of Books', submitted to the Basel Law Faculty in 1738Dissertatio juridica inauguralis de recusione librorum furtiva. Zu Teutsch Dem unerlaubten Bücher-Nachdruck [...] publice defendet Joh. Rudolfus ThurnisiusThurneysen, Johann R. (Thurneisen)The imprint of this dissertation by Johann Rudolf Thurneysen (1716-1774) refers to his uncles Emanuel (1687-1739) and Johann Rudolf (1688-1755) Thurneysen as the publishers. (They were in fact half-brothers of the author's father, the Basel councillor and master of the mercantile community Hans Jakob Thurneysen (1682-1765)). Showing considerable familiarity with the intricacies of the European book trade, Thurneysen points to a 'tacit agreement' whereby no reprinting normally takes place between members of the Holy Roman Empire and the Swiss, whereas the Dutch and the French do not have to abide by any such agreement. Nineteenth- and twentieth-century scholars like Kohler, Thieme, and Gieseke have regarded the book as foreshadowing ideas of intellectual property: 'what scholars have attained - is their property, to which they are entitled by right.' (3rd section, p.10), as well as the international copyright conventions of the nineteenth century (2nd section, pp.8-9). The related document d_1739 illustrates the contemporary Swiss privilege practise.dataset1738E. and J.R. ThurneisenLatinUniversitätsbibliothek Freie Universität Berlin 04.06.03.05SwitzerlandSwedenStrasbourgSpainSaxonyRussiaRomeNetherlandsMainzHaarlemGermanyFranceEnglandBaselrecord_d_1739transferabilityutilitytypographytransferabilitysubscriptionscribal publicationscholarly writingroyalty/royaltiesreputationreprintsremediesregistrationreciprocitypublic goodpublic domainproperty theory, publishers' propertyproperty theory, authors' propertyproperty theoryproperty analogiesprivileges, printingprivileges, German Imperialprivileges, fictitiousprivilegesprinting, history ofprice regulationpenaltiesnatural rightsmonopolymanuscriptlearning, the advancement ofinternational agreements, bilateralincentivesimportationfree tradefraudformalitiesforeign reprintsduration, prolongation of privilegesdurationdivine lawcopying, concept ofcontractclassics, Greek and Latincensorshipbooks, protected subject matterbook tradebook marketBible, theauthorship, theory ofauthorship, legal concept ofauthors' remunerationauthors, self-publishingauthor/publisher relationsBasel UniversityBasel Printers' Statute (1531)ZenoJohann Heinrich WincklerArnoldus VinniusValensTrajanJohann Rudolf, II Thurneysenthe Great Theodosius ISamuel StrykPeter SchöfferQuintilianSamuel, Freiherr von Pufendorf'the Younger' PlinyJulius PaulusJohannes MentelArnold MengeringLüder MenckeMarcus Valerius Martialis MartialBernhard MallinckrodtMichael MaittaireMartin LutherJohann Peter von LudewigJustus LipsiusJustinian IHoraceJohannes GutenbergNikolaus Hieronymus GundlingJohannes FustJohann FrobenAhasver FritschErasmusLaurens Janszoon CosterMarcus Tullius CiceroBenedict Jr CarpzovChristoph BesoldThomas, the Elder Bartholin
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1739Privilege of the Protestant Swiss CantonsPrivilege granted by the Protestant Swiss Cantons to the Zurich-based publisher Bürckli regarding an edition of poems by Barthold Heinrich Brockes set to music by Johann Caspar BachofenJohann Caspar BachofenBarthold Heinrich BrockesThe privilege bestows a 10-year period of protection and pronounces a ban on 'any reprints of Brockes's poems with musical compositions, carried out wholly or partially, and in any other conceivable manner' ('Brockische Gedichte mit Musicalischen Compositionen, gantz oder Stück-weis, und überall auf was für Manier es seyn möchte, nachzudrucken'), as well as a ban on the import and sale of reprints made outside of the Protestant cantons. Apparently, this privilege covered not just text editions of Brockes's work, but also Bachofen's musical settings of these poems.dataset1740Johann Heinrich BürckliGermanPrivate collectionZurichSchaffhausenSt GallenMülhausenHamburgGlarusBielBerneBaselAppenzell-Outer Rhodesrecord_d_1738reprintsprivileges, Swissmusic, protected subject matterimportationbooks, protected subject matterJohann Heinrich BürckliBarthold Heinrich BrockesJohann Caspar Bachofen
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1740Encyclopaedia Article on 'The Reprinting of Books'Anonnymous article by Johann Abraham Birnbaum on 'The Reprinting of Books' for Zedler's EncyclopaediaArticle 'Nachdruck derer Bücher', in 'Zedlers Universal-Lexicon' vol.23, col.60-80Johann Abraham Birnbaum (1702-1748)Ironically, Zedler's 64-volume 'Universal-Lexikon' (the first volume of which was published in Leipzig in 1731) was at first confiscated by the authorities because many of its scholarly articles had evidently been plagiarised from encyclopaedias brought out by other Leipzig publishers. A few years later, to compound the irony, the Universal-Lexikon in its turn would be illegally reprinted, after Zedler's Imperial privilege was revoked in 1737, possibly under pressure of the reprinter himself, Johann Ernst Schultze, a publisher based in the Bavarian town of Hof.dataset1740Johann Heinrich ZedlerGermanUniversitätsbibliothek Tübingen 34 A 398 [Reprint Edition of 1995]SchweinfurtParisHollandHamburgHalleFranceErfurtEnglandrecord_d_1738transferabilitysubscriptionscholarly writingroyalty/royaltiespublic goodproperty theory, publishers' propertyproperty theory, authors' propertyproperty theoryproperty analogiesprivileges, printingprivileges, German Imperialprivilegesprice regulationpiracypenaltiesnatural rightsmonopolylearning, the advancement ofguildsfree tradefraudeditions, newduration, prolongation of privilegesdurationdivine lawcontractcatechismsbook tradeBible, thebarter tradeauthorship, legal concept ofauthors, self-publishingWittenberg law facultyLeipzig law facultyJena law facultyHelmstadt law facultyGiessen law facultyErfurt law facultySaxon Royal Edict 1661Saxon code of common lawSüstermann v. Geffen (1723)Caspar ZieglerZenoJohann Balthasar WernerValensAlessandro Trentacinquiusthe Great Theodosius IJohann Melchior SüstermannSamuel StrykPère Richard SimonSextus PomponiusChristian Gotthold ScriverSt Paul the ApostlePaul Franz RomanusAugust Friedrich MüllerJohann Michel MoscheroschLüder MenckeMartin LutherJohann Peter von LudewigChristian LentzAugustin von LeyserMichael Friedrich LedererCharles Le CointeJohann Stephan HessCharles V of HabsburgJohann Georg IIJohann Georg IJohann FrobenErasmusMarcus Tullius CiceroAndré ChevillierProsper, MarchandBenedict Jr CarpzovJustus Henning BöhmerHeinrich BodeJohann Abraham BirnbaumAdrian BeierJohann Heinrich von BergerAristophanes
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1750Fritsch: Treatise on Book Printers, Booksellers, Paper Manufacturers and Bookbinders'Treatise on Book Printers, Booksellers, Paper Manufacturers and Bookbinders - specifically on their statutes, liberties, disputes, on censorship and the inspection of their printing offices and bookshops, on ordinances etc.' (German translation of the Latin original published in Jena in 1675, under the title 'Tractatus de Typographis, Bibliopolis, Chartariis et Bibliopegis' )Abhandlungen von denen Buchdruckern, Buchhändlern, Papiermachern und Buchbindern. INsbesonderheit von deren Statuten, Freyheiten, Streitgkeiten, der Bücher-Censur, Inspection derer Buchdruckereyen= und Buchläden, Ordnungen etc.Anonymous translation of a work by Ahasver Fritsch (1629-1701)Fritsch' s views on authors' rights to new editions and his notion that the author may expect to gain honour but not profit, are probably based on his own experiences and hopes as an author and lecturer. However, when he presents a detailed justification of book privileges, Fritsch proves himself to be a judicious political theorist: privileges do not fall into the general category of monopolies which are to be rejected. He gives three reasons for arguing thus: (i) the demands of natural justness ('natürliche Billigkeit'), whereby the first publishers have to be protected, so that they may recoup their investment; (ii) publishers are encouraged ('angefrischet') by the award of privileges to have valuable new books printed at their expense; (iii) privileges are granted only for a limited term, so that they cannot seriously harm the public in any way. These three aspects sound quite modern: a special protection is justified on the grounds of the natural right not to suffer unjust damages and to recoup what one has invested. Furthermore, such special protection is justified as the means of providing an incentive for further publishing ventures. Nevertheless, such exemptions from the general rejection of monopolies are only to be allowed for a strictly limited term.dataset1750Christian Gottlieb SeiffartGermanScanned from a reprint edition, edited by Reinhard Wittmann (Munich, 1981) and based on a copy held at the Herzog August-Bibliothek in Wolfenbüttelrecord_d_1659typographyreputationpublic goodproperty analogiesprivileges, German Imperialprivileges, fictitiousprivilegesnatural rightsmonopolyimportationforeign reprintseditions, newdurationdefences and exemptionsbook tradebook marketauthorship, legal concept ofauthor/publisher relationsImperial laws forbidding monopolies 1548 and 1577Ahasver FritschBenedict Jr Carpzov
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1765Philipp Erasmus Reich and the Leipzig publishers' cartelThe first basic law of the newly-established German Publishers' Association (Buchhandlungsgesellschaft)Erstes Grundgesetz der neuerrichteten Buchhandlungsgesellschaft in DeutschlandN.N.This charter of the German Publishers' Association to prevent reprinting was the result of the Leipzig-based publisher Philipp Erasmus Reich's initiative to build up a cartel of non-reprinting publishers. It was one of several steps undertaken by Reich in his struggle against reprinting, which eventually led to the Saxonian Statute of 1773. The charter was signed on 10 May 1765 at the first meeting of the Association, when Reich was also elected its first secretary. The signatories pledged themselves to 'suspend any business dealings with dishonourable reprinters' and to themselves undertake reprints in revenge for reprints carried out to the detriment of fellow-members (pp. 6-7). The commentary focusses on the economic background of the dispute between the influential Leipzig publishers, who sought to implement their business model of money trade and the other booksellers, who tried to retain the traditional barter system. Furthermore the case of Gellert's works being reprinted in Berlin is identified as one of the reasons for Reich's initiative.dataset1765N.N.GermanNiedersächsische Staats-und Universitätsbibliothek 2 HLL I, 8075 (1)ZurichZüllichauWroclaw (Breslau)WittenbergWeimarUlmRostockNurembergMagdeburgLübeckLemgoLeipzigJenaHelmstädtHanoverHamburgHalleGöttingenGlogauFrankfurt (Oder)DresdenCopenhagenChemnitzBremenBraunschweigBerlinAltonaAltenburgrecord_d_1794record_d_1765arecord_d_1773societies, publishers'reputationreprintsremediesreciprocityproperty theory, publishers' propertyproperty analogiespiracynatural rightsfraudbook tradebook fairsbarter tradeWeidmannsche Buchhandlung, Frankfurt (f.1680)Rengerische Buchhandlung, HalleMeyersche Buchhandlung, Lemgo (f.1664)Leipzig fairHaude & Spener publishing house (f.1640)German Publishers' & Booksellers' Association (1765)Buchhandlung des Waisenhauses, Hallewidow of Samuel Gottfried ZimmermannJ. M. WitteJohann Friedrich WeygandMoritz Georg, Sr. WeidmannGeorg Conrad WaltherChristian Friedrich VoßAnna, née Parry VandenhoeckAbraham VandenhoeckJohann Christoph StößelAugust Lebrecht StettinChristian Friedrich StahlbaumChristoph SeidelJonas SchmidtJohann Wilhelm SchmidGeorg Ernst ScheidhauerJohann Heinrich, Jr. RüdigerPaul Emanuel RichterPhilipp Erasmus ReichGabriel Nicolaus RaspeConrad OrellAugust Myliuswidow of Franz Christian MummJohann Ernst MeyerJohann Christoph MeyerCarl Christian KümmelWilhelm Gottlieb KornJohann Christian, Sr. KoppeJohann Friedrich JuniusDavid IversenGeorg Gottlieb HornSiegmund Heinrich HoffmannChristian Gottlob HilscherChristian Friedrich HelwingJohann Samuel HeinsiusJohann Wilhelm HartungChristian Friedrich GüntherJohann Friedrich GleditschHans Conrad GeßnerJohann Nicolaus GerlachChristian Gottlieb GeblerJohann Justinus GebauerJohann Michael GampertGeorg Ludwig FörsterNathanael Sigismund FrommannCarl FelßeckerCaspar FritschJohann Gottfried, Sr. DyckChristian Gottfried DonatiusChristian Heinrich Cunowidow of Johann Rudolf CrökerJohann Gottlob Immanuel BreitkopfBernhard Christoph BreitkopfAnton Gottfried BraunJohann Christian BrandtJohann Carl BohnAlbrecht Friedrich Bartholomaei
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https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1765aReich v. PauliTitle pages with references to Prussian privileges for Philipp Erasmus Reich's original Leipzig edition and Joachim Pauli's Berlin reprint of Gellert's Works.Gellert, Christian FürchtegottAs a result, on 21 August 1766 a decree banning reprints was issued by the Berlin Chief Constable Karl David Kircheisen (1704-1770) in the presence of all the Berlin publishers, who were summoned to the town hall for this purpose. Within just a month the Prussian Cabinet Order of 28 November 1766 (d_1765) was promulgated. Despite the general ban on reprints instituted by the latter, Pauli was nevertheless able to perpetuate his pirate edition of Gellert's works on the grounds of his Royal privilege. From 1775 onwards, however, the title-page of a new, revised edition from Leipzig included references to privileges not just from the Emperor and the Elector of Saxony, but also from the King of Prussia (image 1).dataset1765Weidmann / PauliGermanPrivate Collectionrecord_d_1765transferabilityroyalty/royaltiesreprintsproperty theory, publishers' propertyprivileges, Saxonprivileges, Prussianprivileges, German Imperialprivilegespiracypenaltiesbook marketauthors' remunerationauthor/publisher relationsReich v. Pauli (1765)Philipp Erasmus ReichJoachim PauliCaspar Fritsch
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1766Prussian Cabinet OrderPrussian Cabinet Order of 28 November 1766 generally banning reprinting as documented in Friedrich Hermann Meyer, 'Reformbestrebungen im achtzehnten Jahrhundert', Archiv für Geschichte des Deutschen Buchhandels, 12 (1889): 246Cabinets-Ordre vom 28. November 1766Frederick IIThe Cabinet Order was a reaction to both the establishment of the Publishers' Association in 1765 and to a Prussian-Saxon dispute caused by a reprint carried out by the Berlin publisher Pauli in 1765 (d_1765). The Cabinet Order illustrates, furthermore, how a general ban on reprinting - even of works that were not privileged - was instituted in Prussia before the relevant sections of the Prussian Civil Code came into effect in 1794 (d_1794).dataset1766GermanFriedrich Hermann Meyer. 'Reformbestrebungen im achtzehnten Jahrhundert'. In: Archiv für Geschichte des Deutschen Buchhandels XII (1889) 245, 246record_d_1772record_d_1765record_d_1794societies, publishers'reprintsGerman Publishers' & Booksellers' Association (1765)Prussian Cabinet Order (1766), forbidding all reprintingReich v. Pauli (1765)Karl David Kircheisenthe Great Frederick II
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1773Saxonian StatuteFriedrich August Elector of Saxony's Statute of 18 December 1773 and Regulation for the Register to be kept by the Book Commission in LeipzigIhro Churfürstl. Durchl. zu Sachsen, etc. etc. Mandat den Buch=Handel betreffend. Ergangen de Dato Dresden, den 18. Decembris 1773Thomas Freyherr von Fritsch / Christian August MeniusThe Saxonian Statute of 1773 served the interests of the local book industry and the Leipzig fair as the main trading and reloading place for German books. A publisher from outside Saxony could benefit from the strict and effective measures against reprinting on condition that (1) he arranged for his book to be published by a Saxon printing office, and (2) he could prove 'that in his native country reciprocity is observed in this matter with regard to Our subjects' (im.1), the latter being a hurdle which at the time could only be met by publishers from Prussia, where a general ban on reprints had been decreed in 1766. It was explicitly laid down that no excuse was to be tolerated, such as the usual one to the effect 'that the reprinted copies were just being conveyed in transit' (im.5). A central figure in the drafting and issuing of the Statute was Johann Thomas Freiherr Fritsch (1700-1775), a civil servant notable for his role in the rebuilding of Saxony after the Seven Years' War (1756-63), whose signature is on the document. His father Thomas Fritsch (1666-1726) was one of the most important Leipzig-based publishers and booksellers of the early eighteenth century.dataset1773Chur= Fürstl. Sächs. privilegierte HofdruckereyGermanSächsische Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden Hist.Sax.K.17.m-1,misc.32, Hist.Sax.K.17-9,misc.69SaxonyLeipzigrecord_d_1549translation, right ofsocieties, publishers'reprintsregistrationreciprocityproperty theory, publishers' propertyprivileges, Saxonprivilegesprice regulationpenalties, paid to publisher(s)penalties, paid to fiscal authoritiesimportationformalitiesdurationdepositbook tradebook fairsauthenticityauthor/publisher relationsLeipzig fairChurch-Committee of SaxonyBooks Commission (Leipzig)Saxonian Statute (1773), on regulation of the book tradeSaxonian Statute 1686Christian August MeniusThomas Freiherr von FritschFrederick August III
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https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1773aReimarus: The publishing of booksThe publishing of books with regard to the writers, the publishers and the publicDer Bücher-Verlag in allen Absichten genauer bestimmtN.N. [Reimarus, Johann Albert Heinrich (1729-1814)]dataset1773N.N.GermanScanned from a reprint edition (edited by Reinhard Wittmann, München 1981) taken from an the copy held in Staatsarchiv Hamburg
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https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1773bReich: On Book PublishingOn Book PublishingDer Bücher-Verlag in allen Absichten genauer bestimmtN.N. [Philipp Erasmus Reich]dataset1773N.N. [Reich]GermanScanned from a reprint edition (edited by Reinhard Wittmann, München 1981) taken from an the copy held in Institut für Deutsche Philologie of Munich universityPhilipp Erasmus Reich
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https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1773cOn Klopstock's proclamation of a 'Republic of Scholars'Incidental Thoughts of a Publisher on Klopstock's proclamation of a 'Republic of Scholars'Zufällige Gedanken eines Buchhändlers über Herrn Klopstocks Anzeige einer gelehrten RepublikN.N. [Philipp Erasmus Reich] (1717-1787)dataset1773N.N. [Reich]GermanScanned from a reprint edition (edited by Reinhard Wittmann, München 1981) taken from an the copy held in Bayerische Staatsbibliothek MünchenPhilipp Erasmus Reich
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1774Pütter: The Reprinting of BooksThe Reprinting of Books Examined in the Light of True Principles of LawDer Büchernachdruck nach ächten Grundsätzen des RechtsJohann Stephan PütterJohann Stephan Pütter's work is the most comprehensive and detailed of all German eighteenth-century treatises on the reprinting of books. In Pütter's view an intellectual property is originally vested in the author for 'works which a scholar has newly written and which are now to appear in print for the first time'. On the basis of this property the author can either himself publish his books or sell or give away his 'property in the manuscript'. The publisher 'thus avails himself, if he should afterwards have the work printed, not just of a general, natural liberty, but, rather, of a duly acquired right which is proper to him.' Copyright should be perpetual for as long as the original publishing house continues to exist. Pütter was a leading law scholar of his time, and thus his book was often cited even throughout the nineteenth century. Numerous references to earlier writers also mean that his book is an important secondary source on the history of copyright. The commentary provides an outline of Pütter's life.dataset1774Widow of VandenhoekGermanMax-Planck-Institut für Europäische Rechtsgeschichte, Frankfurt Dt 15 Li 1NurembergHamburgGöttingensubscriptionscholarly writingreputationreprintspiracylearning, the advancement offree tradeEnlightenment, thebook tradeauthors, self-publishingUniversity of GöttingenRoyal Ministry of HanoverEstates of the Holy Roman EmpireParliamentSaxonian Statute (1773), on regulation of the book tradeNuremberg Printers' Ordinance 1673Constitution of the Holy Roman EmpireAnna, née Parry VandenhoeckAbraham VandenhoeckJohann Thomas von TrattnerJohann Stephan PütterGeorge IIIJohann Nicolaus Carl BuchenröderJohann Carl Bohn
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https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1774aThe Justified ReprinterThe Justified Reprinter, or on the Legality of the Reprints by Johann Thomas von Trattner, Knight of the Holy Roman Empire, Printer of the Imperial and Royal Court, and Publisher in ViennaDer gerechtfertigte Nachdrucker, oder: Johann Thomas von Trattners, des Heil. Römischen Reichs Ritters, wie auch Kayserl. Königl. Hofbuchdruckers und Buchhändlers in Wien erwiesene Rechtmäßigkeit seiner veranstalteten NachdruckeAnonymus [Wilcke, Christian Heinrich]dataset1774Weidemanns Erben und Reich [falsely attributed]German
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https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1774bImperial Privilege for a reprint seriesImperial Privilege for the Karlsruhe publisher C. G. Schmieder, as printed in his edition of Gellert's Fables which made up vol. 1 of a series of reprints under the title 'Collection of the best German prose authors and poets'Sammlung der besten deutschen prosaischen Schriftsteller und Dichter. Erster Theil. Gellerts FabelnEmperor Joseph II, Andreas Edler von Stock, Christian Fürchtegott Gellertdataset1774Christian Gottlieb SchmiederGermanPrivate Collectionrecord_d_1809
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https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1774cThe justified reprinterThe justified reprinterDer gerechtfertigte Nachdruckerdataset1774German
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https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1774dBooktrade in AustriaOn booktrade in the Imperial and Royal hereditary landsÜber den Buchhandel in den kaiserl. [ichen] königl.[ichen] ErblandenN.N.This document is related to d_1781dataset1774N.N.GermanScanned from a reprint edition (edited by Reinhard Wittmann, München 1981) taken from an the copy held in Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttelrecord_d_1781
https://www.copyrighthistory.org/cam/tools/request/showRecord.php?id=record_d_1775Chodowiecki's Allegory 'Works of Darkness'Works of Darkness. A Contribution to the History of the Book Trade in Germany. Presented Allegorically for the Benefit of and as a Warning to All Honest Booksellers.Werke der Finsternis. Der Beitrag zur Geschichte des Buchhandels in Deutschland. Allegorisch vorgestellt zum besten auch zur Warnung aller ehrliebenden Buchhändler. zu finden bei C. F. Himburg in BerlinDaniel ChodowieckiIronically, Christian Friedrich Himburg, the Berlin publisher of the copper print was himself to be branded a pirate for a 1777 two-volume Goethe edition, which in its turn was soon reprinted by two other publishers: in 1778 by Schmieder in Karlsruhe and by Fleischhauer in Reutlingen.dataset1781C. F. HimburgGermanAntiquariat Voerster in StuttgartBerlinrecord_d_1781reprintsproperty analogiespiracymoral obligationscensorshipbook tradeJohann Thomas von TrattnerGerhard van SwietenPhilipp Erasmus ReichFriedrich NicolaiChristian Friedrich HimburgDaniel Chodowiecki
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