# Primary Sources on Copyright - Record Viewer
Kant: On the Unlawfulness of Reprinting, Berlin (1785)

Source: Retrospektive Digitalisierung wissenschaftlicher Rezensionsorgane und Literaturzeitschriften des 18. und 19. Jahrhunderts aus dem deutschen Sprachraum, http://www.ub.uni-bielefeld.de/diglib/aufklaerung/index.htm.

Citation:
Kant: On the Unlawfulness of Reprinting, Berlin (1785), Primary Sources on Copyright (1450-1900), eds L. Bently & M. Kretschmer, www.copyrighthistory.org

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            Chapter 1 Page 4 of 15 total




(406)


mediation of someone else - can trade with the public, and therefore which he
can sell - either with or without the reservation of certain rights? Or whether
it is rather simply an exertion of his [intellectual] faculties (opera*) which
he may certainly concede to others but never sell (alienare)?
Furthermore, whether the publisher conducts his business in his own name or
someone else's business in the name of that person?
            In a book as a written work the author is speaking to his reader;
and he who has printed it speaks by his copies not for himself but entirely in
the name of the author. He gives public representation to the latter's speaking
and facilitates merely the delivery of this speech to the public. Now, the copy
of this speech - be it in handwriting or in print - may belong to whom it will,
yet the use of a copy for oneself or in order to circulate it is a business
which every owner of such a copy can conduct in his own name and at his own
discretion. However, to let someone speak publicly, to deliver his speech as
such to the public, that means to be speaking in that person's name and to
effectively be telling the public the following: "Through me a writer is having
this or that brought to your attention, for your information etc. I answer for
nothing, not even for the liberty which the former is taking in speaking
publicly through me; I am just the mediator of how this is transmitted to you"


_________________

[* Tr. note: The f. sg. 'opera'='exertion, activity or act' should not be
confused with the identical pl. of the m. noun 'opus' which Kant uses to
refer to a concrete product or work. It is important to bear this distinction
in mind]

    



( 406 )


vermittelst eines andern, mit dem Publicum
verkehren, also mit oder ohne Vorbehalt gewisser
Rechte veräußern kann; oder ob es vielmehr ein
bloßer Gebrauch seiner Kräfte (opera) sei, den
er andern zwar verwilligen (concedere), niemals
aber veräußern (alienare) kann; ferner: ob der
Verleger sein Geschäft in seinem Namen, oder
ein fremdes Geschäft im Namen eines andern
treibe?

      In einem Buche als Schrift redet der Autor
zu seinem Leser; und der, welcher sie gedruckt
hat, redet durch seine Exemplare nicht für sich
selbst, sondern ganz und gar im Namen des
Verfassers. Er stellt ihn als redend öffentlich
auf und vermittelt nur die Überbringung dieser
Rede ans Publicum. Das Exemplar dieser Rede, es
sei in der Handschrift oder im Druck, mag
gehören, wem es wolle; so ist doch, dieses für
sich zu brauchen, oder damit Verkehr zu treiben,
ein Geschäft, das jeder Eigenthümer desselben
in seinem eigenen Namen und nach Belieben treiben
kann. Allein jemand öffentlich reden zu lassen,
seine Rede als solche ins Publicum zu bringen,
das heißt, in jenes Namen reden und gleichsam
zum Publicum sagen: "Durch mich läßt ein
Schriftsteller euch dieses oder jenes buchstäblich
hinterbringen, lehren u.s.w. Ich verantworte
nichts, selbst nicht die Freiheit, die jener
sich nimmt, öffentlich durch mich zu reden; ich
bin nur der Vermittler der Gelangung an euch;"


    

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