# Primary Sources on Copyright - Record Viewer
Kant: On the Unlawfulness of Reprinting, Berlin (1785)

Source: Retrospektive Digitalisierung wissenschaftlicher Rezensionsorgane und Literaturzeitschriften des 18. und 19. Jahrhunderts aus dem deutschen Sprachraum, http://www.ub.uni-bielefeld.de/diglib/aufklaerung/index.htm.

Citation:
Kant: On the Unlawfulness of Reprinting, Berlin (1785), Primary Sources on Copyright (1450-1900), eds L. Bently & M. Kretschmer, www.copyrighthistory.org

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            Chapter 1 Page 5 of 15 total




(407)


this is without doubt a business which one can only execute in the name of
someone else, but never in one's own (as a publisher). Certainly, the
publisher furnishes in his own name the mute instrument for the delivery of
an author's speech to the public;* but conveying this speech to the public
by printing it and thereby indicating himself to be the person through whom
the author is speaking to the public, that he can only do in the author's name.
            The second point of the minor is that the reprinter undertakes the
author's business not merely without any permission from the latter, but
actually against the latter's will. For given that the he is a reprinter
only because of the fact that he encroaches on the business of someone else
who has been empowered by the author himself, one may ask whether the author
could confer the same permission to someone else too and give his consent
[to such reprinting]? However, it is clear that since in such a case each
of them - that is, the first

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* A book is the instrument for delivering a speech to the public - not just
thoughts, as paintings for example do, or the symbolical representation of
some idea or event. From this follows the essential point that it is not a
thing which is thereby delivered, but an act [opera], namely
a speech, and, what is more, literally. By calling it a mute instrument I
distinguish it from those means there are for communicating a speech through
sound - like a speaking-trumpet, for example, or even the mouths of other persons.


    



( 407 )


das ist ohne Zweifel ein Geschäft, welches man
nur im Namen eines andern, niemals in seinem
eigenen (als Verleger) verrichten kann. Dieser
schafft zwar in seinem eigenen Namen das stumme
Werkzeug der Überbringung einer Rede des Autors
ans Publicum *) an; aber daß er gedachte Rede
durch den Druck ins Publicum bringt, mithin: daß
er sich als denjenigen zeigt, durch den der
Autor zu diesem redet, das kann er nur im Namen
des andern thun.
      Der zweite Punkt des Untersatzes ist: daß
der Nachdrucker nicht allein ohne alle Erlaubniß
des Eigenthümers das Geschäft (des Autors),
sondern es sogar wider seinen Willen übernehme.
Denn da er nur darum Nachdrucker ist, weil er
einem andern, der zum Verlage vom Autor selbst
bevollmächtigt ist, in sein Geschäft greift: so
fragt sich, ob der Autor noch einem andern
dieselbe Befugniß ertheilen und dazu einwilligen
könne. Es ist aber klar: daß, weil alsdann jeder
von beiden, der erste

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*) Ein Buch ist das Werkzeug der Überbringung
einer Rede ans Publicum, nicht bloß der Gedanken,
wie etwa Gemälde, symbolische Vorstellung irgend
einer Idee oder Begebenheit. Daran liegt hier
das Wesentlichste, daß es keine Sache ist, die
dadurch überbracht wird, sondern eine opera,
nämlich Rede, und zwar buchstäblich. Dadurch,
daß es ein stummes Werkzeug genannt wird,
unterscheide ich es von dem, was die Rede durch
einen Laut überbringt, wie z. B. ein Sprachrohr,
ja selbst der Mund anderer ist.

    

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